SQL Cheat Sheet

DDL (Data Definition Language):

1. 
   

2. CREATE TABLE:

   sql
   CREATE TABLE table_name (
   
    column1 datatype,
   
    column2 datatype,
       
    PRIMARY KEY (column1)
   
   );

3. 
   

4. ALTER TABLE:

   sql
   ALTER TABLE table_name
   ADD column_name datatype;
   
   
   ALTER TABLE table_name
   MODIFY column_name datatype;
   
   
   ALTER TABLE table_name
   RENAME COLUMN old_column_name TO new_column_name;
   
   
   ALTER TABLE table_name
   DROP COLUMN column_name;
   

5. 
   

6. DROP TABLE:

   sql
   DROP TABLE table_name;
   

DML (Data Manipulation Language):

4. SELECT:

   sql
   SELECT column1, column2 FROM table_name WHERE condition;
   

5. 
   

6. INSERT:

   sql
   INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2) VALUES (value1, value2);
   

7. 
   

8. UPDATE:

   sql
   UPDATE table_name SET column1 = value1 WHERE condition;
   

9. 
   

10. DELETE:

    sql
    DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition;
    

DQL (Data Query Language):

8. 
   

9. SELECT DISTINCT:

   sql
   SELECT DISTINCT column1 FROM table_name;
   

10. 
    

11. WHERE Clause:

    sql
    SELECT column1, column2 FROM table_name WHERE condition;
    

12. 
    

13. ORDER BY:

    sql
    SELECT column1, column2 FROM table_name ORDER BY column1 ASC;
    

DCL (Data Control Language):

11. 
    

12. GRANT:

    sql
    GRANT privilege ON object TO user;
    

13. 
    

14. REVOKE:

    sql
    REVOKE privilege ON object FROM user;
    

Data Modification:

13. 
    
14. INSERT INTO SELECT:

    sql
    INSERT INTO table1 (column1, column2)
    
    SELECT column3, column4 FROM table2 WHERE condition;
    

Aggregate Functions:

14. 
    
15. COUNT, SUM, AVG, MAX, MIN:

    sql
    SELECT COUNT(column1) FROM table_name;
    

Joins:

15. 
    

16. INNER JOIN:

    sql
    SELECT table1.column, table2.column
    FROM table1
    
    INNER JOIN table2 ON table1.column = table2.column;
    

17. 
    

18. LEFT JOIN (or LEFT OUTER JOIN):

    sql
    SELECT table1.column, table2.column
    FROM table1
    
    LEFT JOIN table2 ON table1.column = table2.column;
    

Grouping and Aggregation:

17. 
    

18. GROUP BY:

    sql
    SELECT column1, COUNT(*)
    FROM table_name
    GROUP BY column1;
    

19. 
    

20. HAVING:

    sql
    SELECT column1, COUNT(*)
    FROM table_name
    GROUP BY column1
    HAVING COUNT(*) > 1;